The history and origins of the balcony, from ancient Persia to the present day

A balcony can feature masonry parapets or iron railings, and it may be long and spacious or more compact with just one outlook. But what is its history? How did the balcony come to be, and how have its functions evolved over time? Let’s take a closer look.

The History of the balcony

To trace the history of the balcony, one must go back to ancient Persia, where it served to highlight the hierarchy of rulers and their elevated status above the masses, who could easily observe them from below.

It was the Etruscans and later the Romans, however, who began to use balconies more publicly, introducing a function that remains familiar even today. In 318 BC, the first wooden loggia overlooking the Roman Forum was built to provide the audience with a better view during performances. As mentioned, this use has endured, with boxes and balconies continuing to play a key role in the design of theatres.

From the sixteenth century onwards, balconies themselves began to serve as small stages. One need only think of the iconic balcony in St Peter’s Square, the setting for papal announcements and elections, or the balcony at Buckingham Palace, from which, following a tradition established by Queen Victoria, the British royal family appears on significant occasions to greet the crowd, such as during royal weddings.

Some curiosities

Staying on the theme of lovers and taking a leap from history to literature, one cannot fail to mention the most famous balcony in Verona, the one where Romeo and Juliet promised to love each other forever. A curiosity? According to an essay by historian Lois Leveen, Juliet’s balcony never actually existed: balconies, in fact, were not only unused in England at the time, but entirely unknown, as was the word balcony itself, which only entered the English language two years after Shakespeare’s death.

Within the tragedy, however, the balcony plays an important role for Juliet, allowing her to escape the oppressive family atmosphere and pursue her forbidden love for Romeo.

What is the purpose of the balcony?

Over the years, the balcony has come to represent a space that connects the private sphere of the home with the outside world. It has often served as a place for casual interaction with neighbours, or as a gathering spot for friends and relatives wanting a better view of village processions or local festivities.

Today, balconies and terraces are highly sought-after features in residential properties. They offer a sheltered space, often protected from noise and prying eyes, and are frequently enclosed with screens or fabrics to enhance privacy.

Article translated by Agnese Giardini

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Curiosities

Outdoor Spaces

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